Common diseases and prevention of dogs

Dogs have a wide variety of common diseases, the following are some of the main common diseases and their detailed introduction:

I. Infectious Diseases

Canine distemper

Causes: Highly contactable and lethal infectious disease caused by canine distemper virus.
Transmission: mainly through the digestive tract and respiratory tract.
Symptoms: Early symptoms are similar to colds, followed by bronchitis, catarrhal pneumonia, gastroenteritis and other symptoms, and spasms and convulsions can be seen in the later stages.
Susceptible animals: It can occur all year round, with winter and spring being the most common seasons, and immature puppies are the most susceptible.
Treatment and prognosis: injection of canine distemper monoclonal antibody or high immune serum as specific treatment, combined with conventional treatment. The mortality rate is high, up to 80% in puppies.
Prevention: Regular immunization, rapid isolation of sick dogs once canine distemper occurs, and thorough disinfection of kennels and environment.

Canine microvirus enteritis

Causes: A virulent infectious disease caused by canine microvirus with a high degree of contact transmission.
Transmission: mainly through the digestive tract.
Symptoms: frequent vomiting, hemorrhagic diarrhea and rapid dehydration as typical symptoms, clinical manifestations of hemorrhagic enteritis and non-septic myocarditis two types.
Susceptible animals: Dogs of all ages can be infected, with the highest susceptibility rate in 3~6 months old dogs.
Treatment and prognosis: injection of monoclonal antibody to canine microvirus or anti-microvirus high immune serum as specific treatment, combined with conventional treatment. Puppy mortality is high, up to 50%~100%.
Prevention: Regular immunization, both domestic and imported vaccines provide good protection.

Rabies

Causes: An acute direct contact infectious disease common to humans and all warm-blooded animals caused by rabies virus.
Transmission: mainly through the damaged skin and mucous membranes.
Symptoms: rabid agitation, abnormal behavior, salivation, loss of consciousness, progressive paralysis, etc.
Susceptible animals: canines and felines are highly susceptible, and infected dogs and cats are the main source of rabies in humans and animals.
Treatment and prognosis: mortality rate of 100%, no effective treatment.
Prevention: Annual rabies vaccination.

Canine infectious hepatitis

Cause: An acute septic infectious disease caused by canine adenovirus type I (also known as canine infectious hepatitis virus).
Transmission: mainly through direct contact sexually transmitted, transmitted through the digestive tract, can also be infected fetus through the placenta.
Symptoms: Mainly manifested as hepatitis and corneal clouding (i.e. blue eye) symptoms.
Susceptible animals: dogs of all ages can be infected, with a high morbidity and mortality rate in puppies less than 1 year old.
Treatment and prognosis: Injection of specific antiserum combined with conventional treatment. Adult dogs can usually tolerate it, but puppies mostly die of severe anemia and dehydration.
Prevention: regular immunization, both domestic and imported vaccines have good protective effect.

II. skin disease

Canine mange mite disease

Etiology: contact and infectious skin disease caused by canine mange mite parasitized on canine skin.
Symptoms: severe itching, skin papules, erythema, hemorrhage, scabs, hair loss and skin hypertrophy in sick dogs.
Treatment: Ivermectin 200 micrograms/kg body weight subcutaneous injection once a week for 2~3 times.

Eczema

Etiology: the cause of eczema is more complex, generally related to allergic constitution, under the action of external physical and chemical factors, such as mechanical compression, abrasion, biting, scratching, mosquito bites; certain internal medicines, external medicines, disinfectant medicines; skin impurity, dirt stimulation, kennel humidity, resulting in low resistance of the skin, which can also lead to the occurrence of eczema.
Symptoms: Skin injuries such as erythema, papules, blisters, eruptions, scabs and other skin injuries with heat, pain and itching symptoms.
Treatment: adrenocorticotropic hormone therapy with dexamethasone tablets 0.2 mg/kg body weight, orally or prednisone acetate tablets 1.0 mg/kg body weight, orally. Apply flutriafol acetate or desipramine acetate ointment to the affected skin. To prevent skin infection, alternate with erythromycin ointment. Penicillin and gentamicin can be given intramuscularly during the pustular stage to prevent infection. In more severe cases, it can be mixed with dexamethasone injection intramuscularly 2 times/day.

Dermatitis

Etiology: The causes of dermatitis are varied and can be broadly categorized into mechanical, chemical, fungal, parasitic, allergic and other factors.
Symptoms: the skin appears flaky, stripes or indeterminate shape redness and swelling, when there is exudation, there can be scabs to cover, when there is damage to the skin, there can be vesicles or ulcers, and there is a painful and itchy sensation in the local area. When the skin is covered by a large number of inflammatory exudates and chronic dermatitis, it can be seen that there is skin hair loss, skin thickening, wrinkles and cracks.
Treatment: find out the cause of the disease, symptomatic treatment.

Helminthic mite disease

Causes: caused by helminth mites parasitizing the sebaceous glands or hair follicles of dogs.
Treatment: Ivermectin 200 micrograms/kg body weight subcutaneous injection, 1 time in 710 days, 36 times in a row.

III. Parasitic Diseases

Canine roundworm disease

Cause: an intestinal nematode disease caused by canine roundworm and lion roundworm parasitized in the small intestine and stomach of dogs.
Symptoms: mainly manifested as digestive disorders, emaciation, abdominal enlargement and other symptoms, in severe cases, adult roundworms can be seen in vomit and feces.
Prevention and treatment: propylthiomizole 1015mg/kg body weight, once orally; levamisole 10mg/kg body weight, once orally (prohibited when injecting vaccine); intestinal worming 0.252 tablets, once orally.

Canine hookworm disease

Causes: Caused by canine hookworm and narrow head hookworm parasitizing the small intestine of dogs.
Symptoms: thinness, anemia, scanty blood, loss of appetite, heterophilia, vomiting, swelling of the limbs and erosion of the corners of the mouth in sick dogs.
Prevention and treatment: the same as canine roundworm disease.

Canine tapeworm disease

Cause: caused by a variety of tapeworm parasites in the small intestine.
Symptoms: anal discomfort, dyspepsia, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, lethargy, anemia, fecal discharge of rice-sized pieces.
Prevention and treatment: Praziquantel 510mg/kg body weight orally, Prothioconazole 1015mg/kg body weight orally.

IV. Other Diseases

Dog diarrhea

Causes: catching cold, dietary problems, unscientific food changes, parasitic problems leading to intestinal flora disorders.
Symptoms: dog diarrhea, excrement is yellow paste or yellow water, some even with blood.
Treatment: let the dog immediately fasting and water, feed antidiarrheal drugs to observe whether it is better, and then use probiotics and gastrointestinal treasure to regulate 3~7 days. If the blood stool, or during the period did not improve or the situation worsened, you need to seek medical attention.

Dog cold

Causes: The dog is cold or low immunity, and the environment is cooled down.
Symptoms: coughing, sneezing, runny nose, dry nose, sleepy although eating normally, some dogs will be accompanied by fever, loss of sense of smell and so on.
Prevention: Keep warm, especially in rainy days and winter, you can prepare clothes or cotton kennels for your dog, do not let the dog belly to the ground lying on the floor. In addition, give the dog a bath to blow dry in time, usually also need to walk the dog more, increase the exercise to improve the dog's resistance.

In addition, the dog may also have drooling, bad breath, vomiting, frequent urination or incontinence, listlessness, slow reaction, personality changes, shortness of breath, poor breathing, the third eyelid showing on the eyeballs, dry, hot and cracked nose, constipation, unwillingness to walk on the ground or limp, loss of interest in food and other symptoms, which may be a sign of the dog's illness, and need to be promptly concerned about and seek medical attention.

Overall, there are a wide variety of common diseases in dogs that require careful observation, timely prevention and treatment by pooper scoopers. Regular vaccination, keeping the dog's living environment clean and tidy, regular deworming, and reasonable diet are all important measures to prevent dog diseases.